". It doesn't exist. The daughter of prominent black scholar and Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates Jr. said her father's arrest last week at his Cambridge home has deeply saddened him. In an essay that Henry Louis Gates, Jr., wrote in 2018 for the Encyclopdia Britannica Anniversary Edition: 250 Years of Excellence, he identified voting as the most important form of resistance against hate. The womans suffering is assuaged at long last when she revisits the land and people that indelibly shaped her, including a local herbal healer. GROSS: Thank you for all of all of the things you've written for your TV shows, for your movies. And I couldn't imagine what, but two sets of those fourth great-grandparents are from my mother's line. From Blum, he says, he learned a lot about writing and history. A collection of moments during and after Barack Obama's presidency. Testing showed he had ancestors from sub-Saharan Africa, Ireland and England. And my mother used to write the eulogies, the obituaries for all the black people in the Potomac Valley, where I grew up. So then I became close to them but in two completely different ways. GATES: But I have an announcement to make GATES: For you. And the DNA tests we were doing at that time - when they analyzed my Y DNA, it went to Ireland. Gatess own genealogical narrative, unfurled against the backdrop of images of his family gathering in the kitchen or tender interactions with his nonagenarian father, Henry Louis Gates Sr., is also quite moving. Moreover, these genetic techniques may be inconsistent with the aims of conventional genealogy. DNA-derived genealogical information may also collide with other ways of rendering kinship and relation. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Following a two-year stay at Duke University, he was recruited to Harvard University in 1991. And your driver was helping you - well, he was shoving his shoulder against the door trying to open it. It's a gift - and for my mom. Kids don't even know what they are anymore, but everybody here does. You may then be asked to log in, create an account if you don't already have one, Wants W. E. B. DuBois, Wole Soyinka and Phyllis Wheatley on the Nation's Reading Lists, As Well As Western Classics like Milton and Shakespeare". Now she was born in 1819; died in 1888. He grew up in neighboring Piedmont. And they fought in the Revolutionary War. And on my desk set a red Webster's dictionary. And that night - and then daddy showed my brother and me, Dr. Paul Gates now, chief of dentistry at Bronx-Lebanon Hospital GATES: Well, it's the spirit of my mother. GATES: Oh, my father and I were the first father and son of any race and the first African-Americans fully sequenced. and Ph.D. in English literature from Clare College at the University of Cambridge. If the findings of conventional genealogical research produce fireworks, the results of the DNA analysis generate shock and awe. Other TV credits included the documentary miniseries Wonders of the African World (1999), Black in Latin America (2011), The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross (2013), and Reconstruction: America After the Civil War (2019). . And she would stand up and read their obituary, their eulogy. And I have my mother's certificate from this vocational school where she learned to be a seamstress. I told them that I did not want to know if I had any of the sort of - I don't know - the slam-dunk genes for Alzheimer's disease. "Black people were so angry at me. The series combines the work of expert researchers in genealogy, history, and historical research in genetics to tell guests about the lives and histories of their ancestors. GROSS: But you had family that passed for white. An X-ray showed a bright portion that revealed just how much of her brain tissue was destroyed. In 2020, Gates received the Muhammad Ali Voice of HumanityAward. But we have a disproportionately higher risk of sickle cell. Thank you for being you. TERRY GROSS, BYLINE: Because you've talked to everybody about their genealogy, I want to talk with you about yours and what you've learned about yourself and the larger meaning of what you've learned about yourself. GATES: Maybe for Christmas, OK, that's fine (laughter). Even with the aid of cutting-edge 21st-century genealogydigitized archival records and genetic analysiswe may never know the ins and outs of how Gladwells fifth-great-grandmother came to be a slaveholder. And I was in the hospital for six weeks. They had kids, and they're buried next to each other. Joness tale offers some insight into the appeal of genealogy, another effort at reconnection with home and kin, and ballast against the tumult of modern living. Gates's prominence led to his being called as a witness on behalf of the controversial Florida rap group 2 Live Crew in an obscenity case. And the last thing I did before I went to bed was - we always had a desk in our bedrooms and had a bookcase. Clarke, Breena, and Susan Tifft, "A 'Race Man' Argues for a Broader Curriculum: Henry Louis Gates Jr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr., is an American literary critic and scholar who is known for his pioneering theories of African literatures and African American literature. The Bondwoman's Narrative was first published in 2002 and became a bestseller. Terry. What is race? My mother would say, tell them about your brother who's a dentist. My father loved sports, and I didn't care about sports that much. However, in the 60s amid the Civil Rights Movement, Vivian had been the target of attention from white supremacists since they believed she looked Black. In the first series, Gates learned that he has 50% European ancestry[22] and 50% African ancestry. All rights reserved. You can say on the one hand that race is a social construction. In 2022, the Boston Public Library honored Gates with its Literary Lights Award. And at the time, the airwaves were so segregated, they only put black films on "The Late Late Show." On the same night Harvard professor Henry Louis "Skip" Gates Jr . And the reason I wanted to be a writer is that my mother wrote so beautifully and read so beautifully. [36], In 1974, Gates learned the Transcendental Meditation technique. That's a long time when you're young. Gates wrote, executive-produced, and hosted the series, which earned the 2013 Peabody Award and a NAACP Image Award. What does Henry Louis Gates, Jr., see as the most important form of resistance against hate? One episode this season explores Gates' own DNA and family history. So what I did - my father and I agreed, for science, that we'd put our genomes in the public domain so that any scholar or student can study our genome. Video of the day: Drake and 21 Savage's "Spin Bout U" NYC's Extra Butter and Russ & Daughters Join Forces on 50th-Anniversary PUMA Clyde NYC's Extra Butter and Russ & Daughters Join Forces on 50th-Anniversary PUMA ClydeTwo quintessential Lower East Side outposts celebrate the downtown staple sneaker.HypebeastDylan Kelly Culture: Henry Elizabeth had suffered a stroke, her mind irreparably harmed. And when my grandparents came as immigrants, my family was able to assimilate pretty easily because we're white. Thank you. [23] He had known of some European ancestry, but was surprised to learn the high proportion; he also learned that he was descended from John Redman, a mulatto veteran in New England of the American Revolutionary War. He introduced the notion ofsignifyinto represent Black literary and musical history as a continuing reflection and reinterpretation of what has come before. [35] As of 2021, Gates is married to historian Dr. Marial Iglesias Utset. "Signifyin'" refers to the significance of words that is based on context, and is accessible only to those who share the cultural values of a given speech community. Du Bois Center there at Harvard, one of GATES: So if you were a Martian and came down to look at my DNA results, you'd think I was a white boy, you know? Jakes and Chris Tucker. And the last thing I did before I went to bed on July 2, 1960, was to look up the word estimable. Also, journalist Brian Palmer talks about how slavery and the Civil War are described at Confederate historic sites in the South. In 1980 Gates became codirector of the Black Periodical Literature Project at Yale. GATES: Well, I think that you should have the right to - you have to ask someone. So what that means is that it's the percent of - if you had a perfect family tree, what percent would be from sub-Saharan Africa? Such information forces you to contemplate your own history, he observes. javascript and allows content to be delivered from c950.chronicle.com and chronicle.blueconic.net. GROSS: It has been a great honor to speak with you. Well, I'll tell you a funny story. GROSS: And then your slightly more contemporary ancestors not having any rights in the country, you know, or very few rights - not being able to vote, having to live in segregation. In 2021, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania honored Gates with itsFoundersAward. And you - the last scene is the funeral. And he, and you, the officer and Joe Biden sat down, had a beer or two. We have the great privilege of having Professor Henry Louis Gates, of Harvard University, the Director of the W.B. But on the other hand, you can't say that biology doesn't matter because it does matter. Will we reach consilience"William Whewells term for the combining of information from different domains toward the unity of knowledgebetween conventional and genetic genealogy (and, moreover, among the types of genetic analysis at play)? For example, while haplogroupssets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are gene-sequence variants that are inherited together and categorized by letter and number (A, L3D, R, U5b, etc. While assignment to the haplogroup L3x, for example, indicates an ancestor in what is now Ethiopia at least 50,000 years ago, this interesting detail does not fill in the contours of the family tree. The arrest attracted national attention after U.S. President Barack Obama controversially declared that the Cambridge police "acted stupidly" in arresting the 59-year-old Gates. Isn't that a cool thing? But on the other hand, Terry, there were a lot of people who never forgave the country for electing a black man to the White House. DAVIES: Henry Louis Gates speaking with Terry Gross in May of last year. This is FRESH AIR. GROSS: I think they're doing it through records and not through, like, secretly getting their blood samples. GROSS: So having done your, like, ancestry and everything, were you close to your parents? Joe Biden launched his presidential bid in April with a bold . GATES: Otherwise they wouldn't be in a database. And you don't have a Y DNA, so that's why you're a woman. In 1989, Gates won an Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for editing the 30 volumes of "The Schomburg Library of Nineteenth-Century Black Women Writers". He's received 50 honorary degrees from such institutions as Harvard University and Williams College. [20], In September 1995, Gates narrated a five-part abridgement (by Margaret Busby) of his memoir Colored People on BBC Radio 4.[21]. He was a free negro, as we would have said then. 9. I have a couple black friends - I went to Yale with Ben Carson and with Ben's wife. So (laughter) given the example that President Obama set in calming down that kind of argument in America over you and this officer, what do you hear now coming from our president? [11] Additionally, he is the director of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research. Gates was also involved with various television documentaries that were aired by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). Gates was an Anisfield-Wolf prize winner in 1989 for The Schomburg Library of Women Writers. GROSS: There's some people who are trying to use genealogy to out people who are white supremacists and say, oh, you think you're so pure white, that that's such a big deal? The confrontation resulted in Gates being arrested and charged with disorderly conduct. And when this little girl's passing for - she passes for white and breaks her mother's heart. Police arrested Gates on July 16 on charges of disorderly conduct after a confrontation with an officer at his home in Cambridge, Mass. There we go. In 2020, Gates was named a Walter Channing Cabot Fellow by Harvard University. He reflects on his own history and some of the more controversial aspects of DNA testing. And our family - my cousin, Johnny Gates (ph), still owns that house to this day. He is a Trustee of the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. So I know that moment of transcendence is real.". It was Gates vs. Gates on Martha's Vineyard this week. Does race exist? And a doctor from the Philippines taught me to play chess at West Virginia University Medical Center in Morgantown, W.Va. And he'd come around in rounds. "People wanted to kill me, man," Gates says of the reaction to that op-ed. Obama then held a much-publicized meeting with Gates and James Crowley, the officer who had arrested Gates, which became informally known as the beer summit because Obama invited the two for beers in the White House Rose Garden. GATES: And we - they only put - remember "The Late Show"? But when I started the series, it wasn't called "Finding Your Roots." GATES: For which she paid cash. [33], Gates married Sharon Lynn Adams in 1979. He is a trustee of the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. And under the skin, we are almost identical genetically. Rather, he works for greater recognition of Black works and their integration into a larger, pluralistic canon. That's the first descriptor that comes to mind. In 2006, Gates wrote and produced the PBS documentary "African American Lives," the first documentary series to use genealogy and genetic science to provide an understanding of African-American history. But it's just not those two genetic lines. I killed my mama. I don't think that's true for very many people in this room or any - or many people who are watching this show. Would you do it? 22,158 talking about this. Black people came here - not willingly, of course. I have the Ui Neil Haplotype. Henry Louis Gates Jr. (born September 16, 1950) is an American literary critic, professor, historian, and filmmaker, who serves as the Alphonse Fletcher University Professor and Director of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research at Harvard University. American playwright, actor, screenwriter, producer, and director. And I wanted to be from them. But mutations exist. Or even to the slave narrative of Venture Smith, in which blacks are purchased by other blacks for both slavery and freedom. Gates has joined the Sons of the American Revolution. Thank God. Prosecutors later dropped the charges. Each of the genetic analyses used in Facesadmixture analysis, haplotype grouping, and relative mappingincorporate underlying assumptions and algorithms that may be incompatible with the other techniques. Gates claimed that his arrest was a sign of racism on the part of police. Henry Louis Gates Jr. was born Sept. 16, 1950, in Keyser, W.Va. His father worked at the local paper mill during the day and as a janitor at a telephone company at night. You don't get $1,400 by saving your nickels and dimes as a slave, right? Sgt. Then he'd come back. Still, as the sociologist Troy Duster wrote in The Chronicle Review (Deep Roots and Tangled Branches, February 3, 2006) regarding the use of this analysis in the first African American Lives, these tests rel[y] excessively on the idea of 100-percent purity, a condition that could never have existed in human populations. We learn, too, that Yo-Yo Ma is 100 percent Asian, that Streep is 100 percent European, and, in a nod to comedy and to how quickly ancestry can become racial classification, that Colbert is 100 percent white man! What is one to make of an admixture test that reveals no mixture at all? They were buried next to each other. Now think about that. They had two geneticists. Since 1995, Gates has been the jury chair for the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, which honors written works that contribute to society's understanding of racism and the diversity of human culture. Time will tell. And I think that that's sad. So I just wrote an essay that was published by Yale University Press about race. I mean, they know Donald Trump. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Louis-Gates-Jr. African American Registry - Biography of Herny Louis Gates, Jr. Figures in Black: Words, Signs, and the Racial Self, Stony the Road: Reconstruction, White Supremacy, and the Rise of Jim Crow, The Signifying Monkey: Towards a Theory of Afro-American Literary Criticism. Yet genealogy is, at the same time, put to the task of heightening awareness of human relatedness, be it experiential or biological. What percent would be Native American? GROSS: Yeah. As a Black intellectual and public figure, Gates has been an outspoken critic of the Eurocentric literary canon. Please make sure your computer, VPN, or network allows 4. And she was a beautiful woman. While Gates has stressed the need for greater recognition of Black literature and Black culture, he does not advocate a "separatist" Black canon. And deep down, I realized in retrospect that my desire to make films was probably born about that time. GATES: OK. You were 9 years old when you found her picture. As we honor the memory of Dr. Martin Luther King today, we're going to listen to an interview Terry recorded with historian Henry Louis Gates. As Elizabeth Alexander comments in Faces about her own family history, We dont even know the half of it. That profound uncertainty makes it all the more troubling that Gladwell translates the peculiar institution into a personal burden. GATES: And then when they did my admixture, I'm 50 percent sub-Saharan African and 50 percent European and virtually no Native American ancestry, which really pisses my family off. In addition to producing and hosting previous series on the history and genealogy of prominent American figures, since 2012, Gates has been host of the television series Finding Your Roots on PBS. GATES: Yeah. He's also written for Time magazine, the New Yorker, and the New York Times. The injury was misdiagnosed by a physician, who told Gates' mother that his problem was 'psychosomatic'. So you're saying I should have been an undertaker. Having grown up in an African-American community, however, he identifies as Black. In the show, notable guests discover their family roots based on genealogical research and DNA results. Or they stayed home, and they listened to or played music. Gates collaborates with genetic scientists, including Eric Lander and David Altshuler, of the Broad Institute of Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; the Harvard professor George Church, progenitor of the Personal Genome Project; and personal genomics companies such as 23andMe and Knome Inc. Some critics suggest that adding Black literature will diminish the value of the Western canon, while separatists say that Gates is too accommodating to the dominant white culture in his advocacy of integration of the canon. She is author of the forthcoming Body and Soul: The Black Panther Party and the Politics of Health and Race, and is at work on a book about genetic ancestry tracing and African diaspora culture. A white doctor misdiagnosed the injury as psychosomatic after Gates told him he wanted to become a doctor, Gates wrote in a New York Times article, "About Men: A Giant Step," in 1990. Gates hosted Faces of America, a four-part series presented by PBS in 2010. He introduced the notion of signifyin to represent African and African American literary and musical history as a continuing reflection and reinterpretation of what has come before.
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